Seed dispersal is key to the persistence and spread of plant populations. Because the
majority of plant species rely on animals to disperse their seeds, global change drivers that …

Seed dispersal is a key process in plant communities and frugivory is very important in
vertebrate communities. This paper updates a review of frugivory and seed dispersal by …

Half of all plant species rely on animals to disperse their seeds. Seed dispersal interactions
lost through defaunation and gained during novel community assembly influence whether …

Tropical East Asia is home to over one billion people and faces massive human impacts
from its rising population and rapid economic growth. It has already lost more than half of its …

The loss of megafauna at the terminal Pleistocene has been linked to a wide range of Earth-
system-level changes, such as altered greenhouse gas budgets, fire regimes and biome …

Defaunation, driven by hunting and habitat fragmentation, poses a threat to wildlife in
tropical forests worldwide and is expected to have cascading effects on other organisms …

Pleistocene extinctions affected mainly large‐bodied animals, determining the loss or
changes in numerous ecological functions. Evidence points to a central role of many extinct …

Preserving large tracts of natural habitats is essential to maintain biodiversity. Nevertheless,
even large areas may still suffer from less “visible” impacts such as loss of ecological …

The “trophic downgrading of planet Earth” refers to the systematic decline of the world's
largest vertebrates. However, our understanding of why megafauna extinction risk varies …

Dispersal syndromes and networks must be used cautiously in conserving and restoring
seed-dispersal processes. In many tropical forests most tree and shrub species require …