To date, studies suggest that biological signaling by nitric oxide (NO) is primarily mediated
by cGMP, which is synthesized by NO-activated guanylyl cyclases and broken down by …

In less than 20 years, the first selective type 5 phosphodiesterase inhibitor, sildenafil, has
evolved from a potential anti-angina drug to an on-demand oral treatment for erectile …

Rats and mice are attracted by novel objects. They readily approach novel objects and
explore them with their vibrissae, nose and forepaws. It is assumed that such a single …

Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are enzymes involved in the homeostasis of both cAMP and
cGMP. They are members of a family of proteins that includes 11 subfamilies with different …

Major depression is a debilitating and recurrent disorder with a substantial lifetime risk and a
high social cost. Depressed patients generally display co-morbid symptoms, and depression …

Adolescent brain development seems to be important for the maturation of brain structures
and behaviour. Intermittent binge ethanol drinking is common among adolescents, and this …

Drug addiction is a devastating condition that poses a serious burden on the society. The
use of some drugs like morphine for their tremendous analgesic properties is also …

The therapeutic and commercial success of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors such as Viagra,
Levitra and Cialis has sparked renewed interest in the phosphodiesterases as drug …

Small molecules that activate signaling pathways used by neurotrophic factors could be
useful for treating CNS disorders. Here we show that the flavonoid fisetin activates ERK and …

Memory loss, synaptic dysfunction, and accumulation of amyloid β-peptides (Aβ) are major
hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Downregulation of the nitric oxide/cGMP/cGMP …