Crowd simulation has emerged in the last decade as a widely used method of visual effects,
computer games, and urban planning, etc. The improvement of hardware performance and …

This article surveys the state-of-the-art crowd simulation techniques and their selected
applications, with its focus on our recent research advances in this rapidly growing research …

This second edition of a bestseller presents systematic and extensive coverage of the
primary areas of research and development within VE technology. It brings together a …

The real‐time simulation of human crowds has many applications. Simulating how the
people in a crowd move through an environment is an active and ever‐growing research …

Most of current crowd simulation methods have considered the impact of interindividual
emotion on the agent's behavior pattern during emergency evacuations. However, the …