Highlights•Naturalistic scene processing is highly efficient.•Scene context modulates
perceptual and semantic object processing.•Priors about natural environments guide …

We live in a rich, three dimensional world with complex arrangements of meaningful objects.
For decades, however, theories of visual attention and perception have been based on …

Summary In Shakespeare's Henry IV Part 1, the Scottish rebel, the Earl of Douglas, engages
in a visual search task. He is searching for King Henry in a field full of soldiers who are not …

The recent study of overt attention during complex scene viewing has emphasized
explaining gaze behavior in terms of image properties and image salience independently of …

The efficient selection of behaviorally relevant objects from cluttered environments supports
our everyday goals. Attentional selection has typically been studied in search tasks involving …

To interact with the world, we have to make sense of the continuous sensory input conveying
information about our environment. A recent surge of studies has investigated the processes …

We compared the influence of meaning and of salience on attentional guidance in scene
images. Meaning was captured by “meaning maps” representing the spatial distribution of …

Many daily activities involve looking for something. The ease with which these searches are
performed often allows one to forget that searching represents complex interactions …

The arrangement of the contents of real-world scenes follows certain spatial rules that allow
for extremely efficient visual exploration. What remains underexplored is the role different …

Predictions of environmental rules (here referred to as “scene grammar”) can come in
different forms: seeing a toilet in a living room would violate semantic predictions, while …