Microglia are mononuclear phagocytes of mesodermal origin that migrate to the central
nervous system (CNS) during the early stages of embryonic development. After colonizing …

There has been an explosion of new findings recently giving us insights into the involvement
of microglia in central nervous system (CNS) disorders. A host of new molecular tools and …

INTRODUCTION A mechanistic understanding of brain function requires the identification of
distinct cell types in the brain at a molecular, spatial, and functional level. The preoptic …

Increasing evidence points to biological sex as an important factor in the development and
phenotypical expression of Parkinson's disease (PD). Risk of develo** PD is twice as high …

Alzheimer disease (AD) is characterized by wide heterogeneity in cognitive and behavioural
syndromes, risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms. Addressing this phenotypic …

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is one of the most prevalent neurodevelopmental
disorders, affecting an estimated 1 in 59 children. ASD is highly genetically heterogeneous …

Objective The relationship between sex/gender differences and autism has attracted a
variety of research ranging from clinical and neurobiological to etiological, stimulated by the …

The prevalence, age of onset, and symptomatology of many neuropsychiatric conditions
differ between males and females. To understand the causes and consequences of sex …

Sex has a role in the incidence and outcome of neurological illnesses, also influencing the
response to treatments. Neuroinflammation is involved in the onset and progression of …

Innate immune cells play a well-documented role in the etiology and disease course of
many brain-based conditions, including multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, traumatic …