Firefly algorithm (FA) is a new optimization technique based on swarm intelligence. It
simulates the social behavior of fireflies. The search pattern of FA is determined by the …

With the continued deployment of the Internet of Things (IoT), increasing volumes of devices
are being deployed that emit massive spatially referenced data. Due in part to the dynamic …

Location awareness is a key factor for a wealth of wireless indoor applications. Its provision
requires the careful fusion of diverse information sources. For agents that use radio signals …

In 2008, the Federal Communications Commission issued a ruling permitting the unlicensed
usage of TV white spaces (TVWS), ie locally vacant TV channels. Due to its low‐frequency …

With the ever-increasing demand for location-based services in the indoor environments, Wi-
Fi-based positioning technology has attracted much attention in decades of years because …

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are effective for locating and tracking people and objects
in various industrial environments. Since energy consumption is critical to prolonging the …

Homeland security represents one of the most relevant application contexts for smart cities,
attracting the interest of both authorities and the research community. In case of a crisis …

With the increasing demand for location-based services, Wi-Fi-based indoor positioning
technology has attracted much attention in recent years because of its ubiquitous …

Wi-Fi positioning based on fingerprinting has been considered as the most widely used
technology in the field of indoor positioning. The fingerprinting database has been used as …

Location information and positioning technology are important to some Internet of Things
(IoT) applications. The accuracy of indoor positioning using WiFi can be substantially …