The connexin family of channel-forming proteins is present in every tissue type in the human
anatomy. Connexins are best known for forming clustered intercellular channels, structurally …

Connexins are ubiquitous channel forming proteins that assemble as plasma membrane
hemichannels and as intercellular gap junction channels that directly connect cells. In the …

Desmin is the primary intermediate filament (IF) of cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle. By
linking the contractile myofibrils to the sarcolemma and cellular organelles, desmin IF …

Denervation of skeletal muscles induces severe muscle atrophy, which is preceded by
cellular alterations such as increased plasma membrane permeability, reduced resting …

Physical inactivity (PI) is a major risk factor of chronic diseases. A major aspect of PI is loss
of muscle mass and strength. The latter phenomenon significantly impacts daily life and …

Peripheral nerve injuries have far-reaching implications for individuals and society, leading
to functional impairments, prolonged rehabilitation, and substantial socioeconomic burdens …

Calpains are cysteine proteases expressed in skeletal muscle fibers and other cells.
Although calpain was first reported to act as a kinase activating factor in skeletal muscle, the …

Background Connexin43 hemichannels have been implicated in many inflammatory
diseases including diabetic retinopathy (DR). Particularly, hemichannel-mediated ATP …

Inflammation may be caused by a variety of factors and is a hallmark of a plethora of acute
and chronic diseases. The purpose of inflammation is to eliminate the initial cell injury …

Aberrant expression of the cardiac gap junction protein connexin-43 (Cx43) has been
suggested as playing a role in the development of cardiac disease in the mdx mouse model …