Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of blindness. It has long been regarded as
vascular disease, but work in the past years has shown abnormalities also in the neural …

The blood–retinal barrier (BRB) plays an important role in the homeostatic regulation of the
microenvironment in the retina. It consists of inner and outer components, the inner BRB …

Numerous studies have highlighted the key roles of oxidative stress and inflammation in
aging‐related diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, age‐related macular degeneration …

The term uveitis encompasses a very diverse group of inflammatory ocular diseases that
cause a significant burden of legal and economic blindness. Indeed, the socioeconomic …

Oxidative stress has long been linked to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases;
however, whether it is a cause or merely a consequence of the degenerative process is still …

The primary function of neutrophils in host defense is to contain and eradicate invading
microbial pathogens. This is achieved through a series of swift and highly coordinated …

Background/aims: There is evidence that smoking is a risk factor for age related macular
degeneration (AMD). However, not all studies have demonstrated this association and …

The human eye, the highly specialized organ of vision, is greatly influenced by oxidants of
endogenous and exogenous origin. Oxidative stress affects all structures of the human eye …

Cellular stress elicited by the toxic metal Cd 2+ does not coerce the cell into committing to
die from the onset. Rather, detoxification and adaptive processes are triggered concurrently …

Mounting body of evidence indicates that the disruption of epithelial tight junctions and
resulting loss of barrier function play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of a variety of …