Optogenetic techniques have been developed to allow control over the activity of selected
cells within a highly heterogeneous tissue, using a combination of genetic engineering and …

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a maladaptive and debilitating psychiatric disorder,
characterized by re-experiencing, avoidance, negative emotions and thoughts, and …

Learning has been associated with modifications of synaptic and circuit properties, but the
precise changes storing information in mammals have remained largely unclear. We …

The N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist ketamine has attracted enormous
interest in mental health research owing to its rapid antidepressant actions, but its …

Seizures are made up of the coordinated activity of networks of neurons, suggesting that
control of neurons in the pathologic circuits of epilepsy could allow for control of the disease …

A key assumption of optogenetics is that light only affects opsin-expressing neurons.
However, illumination invariably heats tissue, and many physiological processes are …

At the core of value-based learning is the nucleus accumbens (NAc). D1-and D2-receptor-
containing medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in the NAc core are hypothesized to have …

Optogenetics is widely used to interrogate the neural circuits underlying disease and has
most recently been harnessed for therapeutic applications. The optogenetic toolkit consists …

A technology that simultaneously records membrane potential from multiple neurons in
behaving animals will have a transformative effect on neuroscience research,. Genetically …

To understand brain function, it is essential that we discover how cellular signaling specifies
normal and pathological brain function. In this regard, chemogenetic technologies represent …