Relieving phosphorus loading is a key management tool for controlling Lake Erie
eutrophication. During the 1960s and 1970s, increased phosphorus inputs degraded water …

This review provides an integrated synthesis with timelines and evaluations of ecological
responses to eutrophication in Chesapeake Bay, the largest estuary in the USA. Analyses of …

Hypoxia is a mounting problem affecting the world's coastal waters, with severe
consequences for marine life, including death and catastrophic changes. Hypoxia is forecast …

Eutrophication is one of the most severe and widespread forms of disturbance affecting
coastal marine systems. Whilst there are general models of effects on benthos, such as the …

Coastal hypoxia (defined here as< 1.42 ml L− 1; 62.5 μM; 2 mg L− 1, approx. 30% oxygen
saturation) develops seasonally in many estuaries, fjords, and along open coasts as a result …

Hypoxia affects thousands of km2 of marine waters all over the world, and has caused mass
mortality of marine animals, benthic defaunation and decline in fisheries production in many …

The intensity, duration and frequency of coastal hypoxia (oxygen concentration< 63 μM) are
increasing due to human alteration of coastal ecosystems and changes in oceanographic …

A reduction in dissolved oxygen concentration is one of the most important direct effects of
nutrient over-enrichment of coastal waters on fishes. Because hypoxia can cause mortality …

Dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration in the water column is an environmental parameter
that is crucial for the successful development of many pelagic organisms. Hypoxia tolerance …

Environmental problems in coastal ecosystems can sometimes be attributed to excess
nutrients flowing from upstream watersheds into estuarine settings. This nutrient over …