Virological and antigenic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 variants LF. 7.2. 1, NP. 1, and LP. 8.1

J Liu, Y Yu, S Yang, F Jian, W Song, L Yu… - The Lancet Infectious …, 2025‏ - thelancet.com
Recently, XEC and KP. 3.1. 1 have surpassed KP. 3 to become the globally dominant
lineages of SARS-CoV-2 due to the unique N-terminal domain (NTD) mutations, including …

Immune Evasion, Cell-Cell Fusion, and Spike Stability of the SARS-CoV-2 XEC Variant: Role of Glycosylation Mutations at the N-terminal Domain

P Li, JN Faraone, CC Hsu, M Chamblee, Y Liu… - bioRxiv, 2024‏ - biorxiv.org
SARS-CoV-2 continues to evolve, producing new variants that drive global COVID-19
surges. XEC, a recombinant of KS. 1.1 and KP. 3.3, contains T22N and F59S mutations in …

[HTML][HTML] Mutational Scanning and Binding Free Energy Computations of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Complexes with Distinct Groups of Neutralizing Antibodies: Energetic …

M Alshahrani, V Parikh, B Foley, N Raisinghani… - International Journal of …, 2025‏ - mdpi.com
The rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2 has led to the emergence of variants with increased
immune evasion capabilities, posing significant challenges to antibody-based therapeutics …

[HTML][HTML] Quantitative Characterization and Prediction of the Binding Determinants and Immune Escape Hotspots for Groups of Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies Against …

M Alshahrani, V Parikh, B Foley, N Raisinghani… - Biomolecules, 2025‏ - mdpi.com
A growing body of experimental and computational studies suggests that the cross-
neutralization antibody activity against Omicron variants may be driven by the balance and …

The KP. 2-adapted COVID-19 vaccine improves neutralising activity against the XEC variant

MS Suthar, KE Manning, ML Ellis, S Jain… - The Lancet Infectious …, 2025‏ - thelancet.com
The rapid spread and emergence of immune-evasive SARS-CoV-2 variants has led to a
2024 update of the COVID-19 vaccine. These variants include BA. 2.86-lineage variants …

The potential impact of the spreading of highly transmissible Omicron variant XBB. 1.5 and JN. 1 on the evolution of SARS-CoV-2

B Yi - medRxiv, 2024‏ - medrxiv.org
In spite of three-year pandemic time caused by Covid-19, the trend and impact of the
evolution of SARS-CoV-2 remain unclear. For newly emerging variants, it is still hard to …

[HTML][HTML] Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 XBB. 1.5 and JN. 1 Variants Following XBB. 1.5 Booster Vaccination in Liver Transplant Recipients

P von der Schulenburg, GMN Behrens, M Hoffmann… - Viruses, 2024‏ - mdpi.com
Background/Objectives: The efficacy of monovalent BNT162b2 Omicron XBB. 1.5 booster
vaccination in liver transplant recipients (LTRs) has yet to be described, particularly …

Increased preference for lysine over arginine in spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 BA. 2.86 variant and its daughter lineages

A Božič, R Podgornik - bioRxiv, 2024‏ - biorxiv.org
The COVID-19 pandemic offered an unprecedented glimpse into the evolution of its
causative virus, SARS-CoV-2. It has been estimated that since its outbreak in late 2019, the …

Low levels of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 KP. 3.1. 1 and XEC in serum from seniors in May 2024

E Fossum, EL Vikse, AH Robertson, AS Wolf… - bioRxiv, 2024‏ - biorxiv.org
New immune evasive variants of SARS-CoV-2 may increase infections and hospitalizations
in risk groups, such as the elderly. In this study we evaluated neutralizing antibodies against …

[PDF][PDF] Article Not peer-reviewed version

M Alshahrani, V Parikh, B Foley, N Raisinghani… - 2025‏ - preprints.org
The rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2 has led to the emergence of variants with increased
immune evasion capabilities, posing significant challenges to antibody-based therapeutics …