Surface mass balance (SMB) provides mass input to the surface of the Antarctic and
Greenland Ice Sheets and therefore comprises an important control on ice sheet mass …

Future sea-level rise is an important issue related to the continuing buildup of atmospheric
greenhouse gas concentrations. The Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets, with the potential …

Observations and models agree that the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) surface mass balance
(SMB) has decreased since the end of the 1990s due to an increase in meltwater runoff and …

This chapter considers changes in global mean sea level, regional sea level, sea level
extremes, and waves. Confidence in projections of global mean sea level rise has increased …

Glaciers and Glaciation is the classic textbook for all students of glaciation. Stimulating and
accessible, it has established a reputation as a comprehensive and essential resource. In …

Sea-level rise (SLR) due to climate change is a serious global threat: The scientific evidence
is now overwhelming. Continued growth of greenhouse gas emissions and associated …

Using satellite radar interferometry observations of Greenland, we detected widespread
glacier acceleration below 66° north between 1996 and 2000, which rapidly expanded to …

Riverine organic matter supports of the order of one-fifth of estuarine metabolism. Coastal
ecosystems are therefore sensitive to alteration of both the quantity and lability of …

We present a new Lagrangian diagnostic for identifying the sources of water vapor for
precipitation. Unlike previous studies, the method allows for a quantitative demarcation of …

Fluctuations in surface melting are known to affect the speed of glaciers and ice sheets,,,,,,,
but their impact on the Greenland ice sheet in a warming climate remains uncertain …