The highly abstract nature of image aesthetics perception (IAP) poses a significant
challenge for current multimodal large language models (MLLMs). The lack of human …

With collective endeavors, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are undergoing a
flourishing development. However, their performances on image aesthetics perception …

Language technologies have made enormous progress, especially with the introduction of
large language models (LLMs). On traditional tasks such as machine translation and …

Prevailing research concentrates on superficial features or descriptions of images, revealing
a significant gap in the systematic exploration of their connotative and aesthetic attributes …

The surge of interest in culturally aware and adapted Natural Language Processing (NLP)
has inspired much recent research. However, the lack of common understanding of the …

Understanding the deep semantics of images is essential in the era dominated by social
media. However, current research works primarily on the superficial description of images …

• Just as OCR did for text, multimodal AI provides bottom-up access to visual culture.•
Overview allows us to identify patterns of presence and absence: who and what is visible …