Direct reduction of iron to facilitate net zero emissions in the steel industry: A review of research progress at different scales

J Ling, H Yang, G Tian, J Cheng, X Wang… - Journal of Cleaner …, 2024 - Elsevier
The global annual production of steel is approximately 2 billion tons, accounting for 8% of
the world's energy demand and 7% of carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions in the energy sector …

Multi-dimensional CFD-Mask R-CNN and CFD-watershed segmentation approach for multiphase non-catalytic gas-solid reactions: A case study for hydrogen …

M Hosseinzadeh, N Kasiri, M Rezaei… - Chemical Engineering …, 2024 - Elsevier
The direct reduction of iron oxide (DRI) using hydrogen is a promising method for clean
steelmaking. Previous studies used one-dimensional models to explore this non-catalytic …

Detailed modeling of the direct reduction of iron ore in a shaft furnace

H Hamadeh, O Mirgaux, F Patisson - Materials, 2018 - mdpi.com
This paper addresses the modeling of the iron ore direct reduction process, a process likely
to reduce CO2 emissions from the steel industry. The shaft furnace is divided into three …

A comprehensive multiscale review of shaft furnace and reformer in direct reduction of iron oxide

M Hosseinzadeh, N Kasiri, M Rezaei - Minerals Engineering, 2025 - Elsevier
The direct reduction of iron (DRI) process plays a pivotal role in the ironmaking and
steelmaking industry and has emerged as a promising solution for reducing CO 2 emissions …

Towards green steel-energy and CO2 assessment of low carbon steelmaking via hydrogen based shaft furnace direct reduction process

S Lu, Z Liu, Y Wang, J Zhang - Energy, 2024 - Elsevier
Under current stringent climate policies, the iron and steel industry, as a major contributor to
industrial CO 2 emissions, urgently needs the development of low-carbon metallurgical …

Numerical simulation of H2-intensive shaft furnace direct reduction process

Z Li, Z Qi, L Zhang, M Guo, D Liang, Q Dong - Journal of Cleaner …, 2023 - Elsevier
The shaft furnace based H 2-intensive direct reduction process has the potential to realize
“carbon neutrality” and can significantly reduce the CO 2 emission, compared to the …

Optimization of the iron ore direct reduction process through multiscale process modeling

R Béchara, H Hamadeh, O Mirgaux, F Patisson - Materials, 2018 - mdpi.com
Iron ore direct reduction is an attractive alternative steelmaking process in the context of
greenhouse gas mitigation. To simulate the process and explore possible optimization, we …

Multiscale modeling of counter-current moving bed reactor for direct reduction of iron oxide: Unveiling influence of solid shape and pressure

M Hosseinzadeh, N Kasiri, M Rezaei - International Journal of Hydrogen …, 2024 - Elsevier
Significant attention has been directed towards the direct reduction of iron oxide (DRI) due to
its potential for reducing carbon dioxide emissions compared to the blast furnace. The DRI …

[HTML][HTML] Particle-resolved computational modeling of hydrogen-based direct reduction of iron ore pellets in a fixed bed. Part I: Methodology and validation

ML Ali, Q Fradet, U Riedel - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2024 - Elsevier
In the pursuit of more sustainable steelmaking, stakeholders are engaging in a
transformative exploration of hydrogen-based direct reduction as an alternative to …

Future scenarios for reducing emissions and consumption in the Italian steelmaking industry

C Mapelli, G Dall'Osto, D Mombelli… - steel research …, 2022 - Wiley Online Library
The amount of CO2 emissions, water and electricity consumption, and soil exploitation of the
main steel production routes (integrated cycle, scrap recycling, and direct reduction) are …