Sea anemones are predatory marine invertebrates and have diverse venom arsenals.
Venom is integral to their biology, and is used in competition, defense, and feeding. Three …

Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are of the most sensitive molecular sensors of
extracellular pH change in mammals. Six isoforms of these channels are widely represented …

Cnidarians represent one of the few groups of venomous animals that lack a centralized
venom transmission system. Instead, they are equipped with stinging capsules collectively …

Three novel peptides were isolated from the venom of the sea anemone Urticina grebelnyi.
All of them are 29 amino acid peptides cross-linked by two disulfide bridges, with a primary …

APETx3, a novel peptide isolated from the sea anemone Anthopleura elegantissima, is a
naturally occurring mutant from APETx1, only differing by a Thr to Pro substitution at position …

Abstract Background The ShK toxin from Stichodactyla helianthus has established the
therapeutic potential of sea anemone venom peptides, but many lineage-specific toxin …

Using an integrated transcriptomic and proteomic approach, we characterized the venom
peptidome of the European red ant, Manica rubida. We identified 13 “myrmicitoxins” that …

Sea anemones produce ion channels peptide toxins of pharmacological and biomedical
interest. However, peptides acting on ligand-gated ion channels, including acid-sensing ion …

Sea anemone toxins are predominantly peptide and proteins that act mainly on sodium and
potassium channels, as well as in a variety of target cells causing lysis. Over recent years …

The transient receptor potential ankyrin-repeat 1 (TRPA1) is an important player in pain and
inflammatory pathways. It is a promising target for novel drug development for the treatment …