The regulation of gene expression is fundamental for life. Whereas the role of transcriptional
regulation of gene expression has been studied for several decades, it has been clear over …

In eukaryotes, the translation initiation codon is generally identified by the scanning
mechanism, wherein every triplet in the messenger RNA leader is inspected for …

This review summarizes our current understanding of the major pathway for the initiation
phase of protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells, with a focus on recent advances. We describe …

Initiation of translation on eukaryotic mRNAs generally follows the scanning mechanism,
wherein a preinitiation complex (PIC) assembled on the small (40S) ribosomal subunit and …

Recent proteogenomic studies revealed extensive translation outside of annotated protein
coding regions, such as non-coding RNAs and untranslated regions of mRNAs. This non …

The translation initiation machinery and the ribosome orchestrate a highly dynamic scanning
process to distinguish proper start codons from surrounding nucleotide sequences. Here, we …

Regulation of messenger RNA translation is central to eukaryotic gene expression control.
Regulatory inputs are specified by the mRNA untranslated regions (UTRs) and often target …

Gene expression universally relies on protein synthesis, where ribosomes recognize and
decode the messenger RNA template by cycling through translation initiation, elongation …

In this review, we provide an overview of protein synthesis in the yeast Saccharomyces
cerevisiae. The mechanism of protein synthesis is well conserved between yeast and other …

During eukaryotic translation initiation, initiator tRNA does not insert fully into the P decoding
site on the 40S ribosomal subunit. This conformation (P OUT) is compatible with scanning …