Ancient duplication events and a high rate of retention of extant pairs of duplicate genes
have contributed to an abundance of duplicate genes in plant genomes. These duplicates …

Whole-genome duplication (WGD) events have shaped the history of many evolutionary
lineages. One such duplication has been implicated in the evolution of teleost fishes, by far …

The evolution of phenotypic similarities between species, known as convergence, illustrates
that populations can respond predictably to ecological challenges. Convergence often …

Polyploidy, or whole genome multiplication, is ubiquitous among angiosperms. Many crop
species are relatively recent allopolyploids, resulting from interspecific hybridization and …

Gene duplications and their subsequent divergence play an important part in the evolution
of novel gene functions. Several models for the emergence, maintenance and evolution of …

Many, if not most, enzymes can promiscuously catalyze reactions, or act on substrates, other
than those for which they evolved. Here, we discuss the structural, mechanistic, and …

Pleiotropy is the well-established phenomenon of a single gene affecting multiple traits. It
has long played a central role in theoretical, experimental, and clinical research in genetics …

Pleiotropy is defined as the phenomenon in which a single locus affects two or more distinct
phenotypic traits. The term was formally introduced into the literature by the German …

Gene duplication provides raw material for functional innovation. Recent advances have
shed light on two fundamental questions regarding gene duplication: which genes tend to …

Duplication is a prominent feature of plant genomic architecture. This has led many
researchers to speculate that gene duplication may have played an important role in the …