The accumulation of osmolytes like glycinebetaine (GB) in cell is known to protect organisms
against abiotic stresses via osmoregulation or osmoprotection. Transgenic plants …

For plants to develop properly and survive, programmed cell death is an important response
strategy to various internal and external cues. Morphologically, a key difference between …

The recessive tall rice (Oryza sativa) mutant elongated uppermost internode (eui) is
morphologically normal until its final internode elongates drastically at the heading stage …

While H2O2 has been implicated in numerous plant environmental responses, normal levels
and variabilities are poorly established, and estimates of leaf tissue concentrations span …

Guard cells regulate stomatal pore size through integration of both endogenous and
environmental signals; they are widely recognized as providing a key switching mechanism …

Vitamin B1 (thiamine) is an essential nutrient for humans. Vitamin B1 deficiency causes
beriberi, which disturbs the central nervous and circulatory systems. In countries in which …

Species of the highly diverse fungal genus Aspergillus are well-known agricultural pests,
and, most importantly, producers of various mycotoxins threatening food safety worldwide …

The jasmonic acid (JA) pathway plays a central role in plant defense responses against
insects. Some phloem‐feeding insects also induce the salicylic acid (SA) pathway, thereby …

3-3 proteins function as major regulators of primary metabolism and cellular signal
transduction in plants. However, their involvement in plant defense and stress responses is …

Rice biotechnology has made rapid advances since the first transgenic rice plants were
produced 15 years ago. Over the past decade, this progress has resulted in the …