On the eve of component procurement, this paper discusses the present physics basis for
the first ITER tungsten (W) divertor, beginning with a reminder of the key elements defining …

As the most noticeable plasma-oriented material (PFM), metal tungsten is widely used in
nuclear fusion reactors. However, its oxidation resistance is poor at high temperatures …

Dusty plasmas are electrically quasi-neutral media that, along with electrons, ions, neutral
gas, radiation, and electric and/or magnetic fields, also contain solid or liquid particles with …

The divertor of a tokamak reactor will have to satisfy a number of critical constraints, the first
of which is that the divertor targets not fail due to excessive heating or sputter-erosion. This …

The tungsten (W) material in the high heat flux regions of the ITER divertor will be exposed
to high fluxes of low-energy particles (eg H, D, T, He, Ne and/or N). Combined with long …

A new lower tungsten divertor has been developed and installed in the EAST
superconducting tokamak to replace the previous graphite divertor with power handling …

Owing to its high magnetic field, high power, and compact size, the SPARC experiment will
operate with divertor conditions at or above those expected in reactor-class tokamaks …

Divertor components with excellent comprehensive performance are a new research focus
for nuclear fusion reactors. However, the excessive mismatch in the coefficient of thermal …

The European nuclear fusion research community has elaborated a Roadmap to the
realisation of fusion energy in which 'ITER is the key facility and its success is the most …

The erosion of tungsten (W), induced by the bombardment of plasma and impurity particles,
determines the lifetime of plasma-facing components as well as impacting on plasma …