The transdermal route of drugs has received increased attention in recent years due to
numerous advantages over the oral and injectable routes, such as avoidance of the hepatic …

The assessment of percutaneous permeation of molecules is a key step in the evaluation of
dermal or transdermal delivery systems. If the drugs are intended for delivery to humans, the …

Nanomaterials (NM) arouse interest in various fields of science and industry due to their
composition-tunable properties and the ease of modification. They appear currently as …

Due to the lower risk of systemic side effects topical treatment of skin disease appears
favourable, yet the stratum corneum counteracts the penetration of xenobiotics into viable …

Excised human skin is utilized for in vitro permeation experiments to evaluate the safety and
effect of topically-applied drugs by measuring its skin permeation and concentration …

To advance drug development representative reliable skin models are indispensable.
Animal skin as test model for human skin delivery is restricted as their properties greatly …

In vitro diffusive models are an important tool to screen the penetration ability of active
ingredients in various formulations. A reliable assessment of skin penetration enhancing …

The call for a paradigm change in toxicology from the United States National Research
Council in 2007 initiates awareness for the invention and use of human‐relevant alternative …

A formal validation study was performed, in order to investigate whether the commercially-
available reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) models, EPISKIN®, EpiDerm™ and …

Skin drug delivery is an emerging route in drug development, leading to an urgent need to
understand the behaviour of active pharmaceutical ingredients within the skin. Given, As …