Both conservation and intervention methods must be compatible with each other and
appropriate for the original building materials. Therefore, the characterization of historic …

The present work reviews studies with information on the effects of water by itself on stones
of the built environment both to assess the impact of this substance and to discuss possible …

Weathering is one of the most common causes of building sandstone damage. The
evolution of building sandstone in various weathering behaviors is critical for research. An …

Mine slopes in high-altitude and cold regions are susceptible to damage and degradation
under long-term freeze-thaw (FT) conditions, which threatens the stability of geotechnical …

Limestones are of wide variety, namely with differences in the process of formation,
mineralogical composition, grain size and texture. Such variability leads to differences in …

Sandstone grottoes, with their elaborate carvings and decorations, hold high historic, artistic
and scientific values and therefore constitute an important part of China's stone cultural …

Historically granite is one of the most applied building materials worldwide. Building stones
should accomplish several properties required by different testing materials standards. Salt …

The presence and distribution of pores in natural stones affect their durability and aesthetic
value, especially when exposed to weathering agents like salt crystallization and freeze …

The high levels of atmospheric pollution in cities today are causing the decay of natural
building stone, especially due to the formation of gypsum crusts on carbonate stones. For …

Porous stone that has been exposed to the natural environment for a long time has
developed a variety of diseases under the influence of environmental and geological factors …