Seasonality creates a template for many natural processes and evolutionary adaptations.
Organisms are often faced with an annual cycle consisting of a productive (favorable) and …

The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, with low precipitation, low oxygen partial pressure, and
temperatures routinely drop** below− 30° C in winter, presents several physiological …

Total energy expenditure (TEE) represents the total energy allocated to growth, reproduction
and body maintenance, as well as the energy expended on physical activity. Early …

The gut microbiome impacts host health and fitness, in part through the diversification of gut
metabolic function and pathogen protection. Elevations in glucocorticoids (GCs) appear to …

A central principle in life-history theory is that reproductive effort negatively affects survival.
Costs of reproduction are thought to be physiologically based, but the underlying …

Long‐term studies of wild animals provide the opportunity to investigate how phenotypic
plasticity is used to cope with environmental fluctuations and how the relationships between …

Energetic balance is central to the survival and persistence of free‐ranging animals.
Quantifying expenditures and identifying factors that drive energetics informs our …

Energy metabolism–the “fire of life”–is the sum of the processes by which animals acquire
energy, channel energy into useful functions, and dissipate energy from their bodies …

Early-life adversity, even when transient, can have lasting effects on individual phenotypes
and reduce lifespan across species. If these effects can be mitigated by a high-quality later …

The causes and consequences of physiological stress in wildlife are of great interest in a
wide range of biological disciplines including understanding how environmental changes …