Adding energy to a system through transient stirring usually leads to more disorder. In
contrast, point-like vortices in a bounded two-dimensional fluid are predicted to reorder …

In quantum fluids, the quantization of circulation forbids the diffusion of a vortex swirling flow
seen in classical viscous fluids. Yet, accelerating quantum vortices may lose their energy …

Nonequilibrium interacting systems can evolve to exhibit large-scale structure and order. In
two-dimensional turbulent flow, the seemingly random swirling motion of a fluid can evolve …

We report the observation of the melting of a vortex lattice in a fast rotating quasi-two
dimensional Bose gas, under the influence of thermal fluctuations. We image the vortex …

Unveiling nonequilibrium dynamics of solitonic and topological defect structures in a
multidimensional nonlinear medium is a current frontier across diverse fields. One of the …

Quantum vortices in atomic Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) are topological defects
characterized by quantized circulation of particles around them. In experimental studies …

We experimentally study the emergence of microcanonical equilibrium states in the turbulent
relaxation dynamics of a two-dimensional chiral vortex gas. Same-sign vortices are injected …

Quantum vortices naturally emerge in rotating Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) and,
similarly to their classical counterparts, allow the study of a range of interesting out-of …

We demonstrate a method for generating persistent currents in Bose-Einstein condensates
by using a Gaussian process learner to experimentally control the stirring of the superfluid …

A large ensemble of quantum vortices in a superfluid may itself be treated as a novel kind of
fluid that exhibits anomalous hydrodynamics. Here we consider the dynamics of vortex …