BackgroundCognition is commonly affected in brain disorders. Non-invasive brain
stimulation (NIBS) may have procognitive effects, with high tolerability. This meta-analysis …

Executive function is a collection of cognitive processes essential for higher order mental
function. Processes involved in executive function include, but are not limited to, working …

The panoply of cognitive, affective, motivational, and social functions that underpin everyday
human experience requires precisely choreographed patterns of interaction between …

Goal-directed action in changing environments requires a dynamic balance between
complementary control modes, which serve antagonistic adaptive functions (eg, to shield …

Striatal dopamine (DA) is thought to code for learned associations between cues and
reinforcers and to mediate approach behavior toward a reward. Less is known about the …

The pFC is critical for cognitive flexibility (ie, our ability to flexibly adjust behavior to changing
environmental demands), but also for cognitive stability (ie, our ability to follow behavioral …

Aging is accompanied by profound changes in the brain's dopamine system that affect
cognitive function. Evidence of powerful individual differences in cognitive aging has …

Declarative memory is known to depend on the medial temporal lobe memory system.
Recently, there has been renewed focus on the relationship between the basal ganglia and …

Successful interaction with the environment requires flexible updating of our beliefs about
the world. By estimating the likelihood of future events, it is possible to prepare appropriate …

Dopamine has long been implicated in a wide variety of high-level cognitive processes,
ranging from working memory to rule learning and attention switching. Notable progress has …