SUMMARY Type IV pili (T4P) are multifunctional protein fibers produced on the surfaces of a
wide variety of bacteria and archaea. The major subunit of T4P is the type IV pilin, and …

▪ Abstract Twitching motility is a flagella-independent form of bacterial translocation over
moist surfaces. It occurs by the extension, tethering, and then retraction of polar type IV pili …

Naturally competent bacteria are able to take up exogenous DNA and undergo genetic
transformation. The transport of DNA from the extracellular milieu into the cytoplasm is a …

Type IV pili are remarkably strong, flexible filaments with varied roles in bacterial
pathogenicity. All Gram-negative bacterial surfaces have type IV pili, which are polymeric …

From the early 1980s onwards, otoendoscopy was increasingly used to inspect and
diagnose middle ear disease, particularly residual disease after canal wall up …

The fifth edition of Pathogenesis of Bacterial Infections in Animals tries to capture the many
fascinating and rapid developments in our understanding of how major bacterial pathogens …

Summary Type IV pili (T4P) are long, thin, flexible filaments on bacteria that undergo
assembly-disassembly from inner membrane pilin subunits and exhibit astonishing …

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a leading cause of chronic respiratory infections in people with
cystic fibrosis (CF), bronchiectasis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and …

Pilin assembly into type IV pili is required for virulence by bacterial pathogens that cause
diseases such as cholera, pneumonia, gonorrhea, and meningitis. Crystal structures of …

Bacteria can swim in liquid media by flagellar rotation and can move on surfaces via gliding
or twitching motility. One type of gliding motility involves the extension, attachment and …