We review observations of ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs). X-ray spectroscopic and
timing studies of ULXs suggest a new accretion state distinct from those seen in Galactic …

We report the discovery of an accreting supermassive black hole at z= 8.679. This galaxy,
denoted here as CEERS_1019, was previously discovered as a Lyα-break galaxy by …

We review the current status of knowledge concerning the early phases of star formation
during cosmic dawn. This includes the first generations of stars forming in the lowest mass …

We compute the expected X-ray diffuse background and radiative feedback on the
intergalactic medium (IGM) from X-ray binaries prior to and during the epoch of reionization …

We simulate the growth of a Population III stellar system, starting from cosmological initial
conditions at z= 100. We follow the formation of a minihalo and the subsequent collapse of …

Cosmic reionization is thought to be primarily fueled by the first generations of galaxies. We
examine their stellar and gaseous properties, focusing on the star formation rates and the …

We study star cluster formation at low metallicities of Z/Z⊙= 10− 4–10− 1 using three-
dimensional hydrodynamics simulations. Particular emphasis is put on how the stellar mass …

We study the formation of massive Population III binary stars using a newly developed
radiation hydrodynamics code with the adaptive mesh refinement and adaptive ray-tracing …

Using high-resolution cosmological radiation-hydrodynamic (RHD) simulations (thesan-hr),
we explore the impact of alternative dark matter (altDM) models on galaxies during the …

Radiative feedback from massive Population III (Pop III) stars in the form of ionizing and
photodissociating photons is widely believed to play a central role in shutting off accretion …