The intestinal epithelial lining, together with factors secreted from it, forms a barrier that
separates the host from the environment. In pathologic conditions, the permeability of the …

Ecto-nucleotidases play a pivotal role in purinergic signal transmission. They hydrolyze
extracellular nucleotides and thus can control their availability at purinergic P2 receptors …

Phylosymbiosis was recently proposed to describe the eco-evolutionary pattern, whereby
the ecological relatedness of host-associated microbial communities parallels the phylogeny …

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) may play an important role in chronic diseases through the
activation of inflammatory responses. The type of diet consumed is of major concern for the …

Background Hepatosteatosis is the earliest stage in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty
(NAFLD) and alcoholic liver disease (ALD). As NAFLD is affecting 10–24% of the general …

Pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) are traditionally known to sense microbial molecules
during infection to initiate inflammatory responses. However, ligands for PRRs are not …

Metabolic endotoxemia, commonly derived from gut dysbiosis, is a primary cause of chronic
low grade inflammation that underlies many chronic diseases. Here we show that mice fed a …

The value of added feed enzymes (FE) in promoting growth and efficiency of nutrient
utilisation is well recognised in single-stomached animal production. However, the effects of …

Hypophosphatasia (HPP) results from ALPL mutations leading to deficient activity of the
tissue-non-specific alkaline phosphatase isozyme (TNAP) and thereby extracellular …

Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of early death in the settings of chronic kidney
disease (CKD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and ageing. Cardiovascular events can be …