Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a group of musculoskeletal diseases affecting
masticatory muscles and temporomandibular joints (TMJ). In this context, the chronic TMD …

Central sensitization (CS) is defined as an increased nociceptive responsiveness due to
sensitization of neurons in the central nervous system, usually the result of prolonged …

Background and objective Central sensitization (CS) is a phenomenon associated with
several medical diagnoses, including postcancer pain, low back pain, osteoarthritis …

Chronic musculoskeletal pain affects more than 20% of the population, leading to high
health care overload and huge spending. The prevalence is increasing and negatively …

Central sensitisation is assumed to be one of the underlying mechanisms for chronic low
back pain. Because central sensitisation is not directly assessable in humans, the term …

The Central Sensitization (CSI) Inventory was introduced in 2012. It was initially intended as
a screener to help identify when presenting symptoms may be related to central sensitization …

Background The central sensitization inventory (CSI) comprises 25 items and is commonly
used to measure somatic and emotional symptoms related to central sensitization …

Background Central sensitization (CS) is becoming increasingly recognized as a significant
factor in many chronic pain conditions, including knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and chronic low …

Objective To conduct a comprehensive search for evidence with regard to whether central
sensitization after an injury can act as a persistent autonomous pain generator after the …

Background Central sensitization (CS) is found in patients with musculoskeletal disorders
and is related to clinical symptoms, including pain‐related disability. The Central …