Plants host a mesmerizing diversity of microbes inside and around their roots, known as the
microbiome. The microbiome is composed mostly of fungi, bacteria, oomycetes, and …

In the ecosystem, microbiome widely exists in soil, animals, and plants. With the rapid
development of computational biology, sequencing technology and omics analysis, the …

The plant microbiomes play important role in plant growth promotion and soil fertility for
sustainable agriculture. Plant and soil are valuable natural resource harbouring hotspots of …

Numerous studies have shown the beneficial effects of silicon (Si) for plant growth,
particularly under stress conditions, and hence a detailed understanding of the mechanisms …

During colonization of their hosts, pathogens secrete effector proteins to promote disease
development through various mechanisms. Increasing evidence shows that the host …

Background Plasmodiophora brassicae is the causal agent of clubroot disease of
cruciferous plants and one of the biggest threats to the rapeseed (Brassica napus) and …

The phyllosphere referred to the total aerial plant surfaces (above-ground portions), as
habitat for microorganisms. Microorganisms establish compositionally complex communities …

During host colonization, plant-associated microbes, including fungi and oomycetes, deliver
a collection of glycoside hydrolases (GHs) to their cell surfaces and surrounding …

Plants host diverse but taxonomically structured communities of microorganisms, called
microbiome, which colonize various parts of host plants. Plant-associated microbial …

Highlights•Plant-associated fungi and oomycetes deliver effector proteins into the
apoplast.•Effector proteins function to promote host colonization.•Many characterized …