Worldwide, the incidence of major depressive disorder (MDD) is increasing annually,
resulting in greater economic and social burdens. Moreover, the pathological mechanisms …

The transition from adolescence to adulthood is characterized by improvements in higher-
order cognitive abilities and corresponding refinements of the structure and function of the …

Depression is currently among the top five leading causes of the global burden of disease.
Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) is currently the most commonly used, reliable …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating illness characterized by neuroanatomical
and functional alterations in limbic structures, notably the prefrontal cortex (PFC), that can be …

N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists such as phencyclidine (PCP),
dizocilpine (MK-801) and ketamine have long been considered a model of schizophrenia …

Chronic stress-induced emotional disorders like anxiety and depression involve imbalances
between the excitatory glutamatergic system and the inhibitory GABAergic system in the …

Medical yoga is defined as the use of yoga practices for the prevention and treatment of
medical conditions. Beyond the physical elements of yoga, which are important and effective …

Despite decades of research on the neurobiology of major depressive disorder (MDD), the
mechanisms underlying its expression remain unknown. The medial prefrontal cortex …

Highlights•Chronic stress causes atrophy and decreased connectivity of excitatory neurons
in PFC.•Stress causes disruption of GABAergic inhibitory neurons in the PFC.•GABA …

Reduced activity of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is seen in mood disorders including
depression and anxiety. The mechanisms of this hypofrontality remain unclear. Because of …