Abstract In 2003 Rubenstein and Merzenich hypothesized that some forms of Autism (ASD)
might be caused by a reduction in signal-to-noise in key neural circuits, which could be the …

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and related neurological disorders are associated with
mutations in many genes affecting the ratio between neuronal excitation and inhibition …

Neurons build synaptic contacts using different protein combinations that define the
specificity, function, and plasticity potential of synapses; however, the diversity of synaptic …

Systematic analyses of spatiotemporal gene expression trajectories during organogenesis
have been challenging because diverse cell types at different stages of maturation and …

Physical exercise improves motor performance in individuals with Parkinson9s disease and
elevates mood in those with depression. Although underlying factors have not been …

Genetics studies of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have identified several risk genes that
are key regulators of synaptic plasticity. Indeed, many of the risk genes that have been …

Imbalances between excitation and inhibition in synaptic transmission and neural circuits
have been implicated in autism spectrum disorders. Excitation and inhibition imbalances are …

Because autism spectrum disorders are neurodevelopmental disorders and patients
typically display symptoms before the age of three, one of the key questions in autism …

The joint expression of particular colors, morphologies, and behaviors is a common feature
of adaptation, but the genetic basis for such “phenotypic syndromes” remains poorly …

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterized by two seemingly unrelated symptom
domains—deficits in social interactions and restrictive, repetitive patterns of behavioral …