Optical sensors and sensing-based phenoty** techniques have become mainstream
approaches in high-throughput phenoty** for improving trait selection and genetic gains …

The main reason for the development of the yield gap in crop production is the inefficient
management of nitrogen (N). The nitrogen gap (NG) cannot be ameliorated without an …

Corn is an important food crop in the world, widely distributed in many countries because of
its excellent environmental adaptability. Moreover, corn is an important feed source for …

Remote sensing-based map** of crop nitrogen (N) status is beneficial for precision N
management over large geographic regions. Both leaf/canopy level nitrogen content and …

Accurate, spatially extensive, and frequent assessments of plant nitrogen (N) enabled by
remote sensing allow growers to optimize fertilizer applications and reduce environmental …

Assessment of the nitrogen status of grapevines with high spatial, temporal resolution offers
benefits in fertilizer use efficiency, crop yield and quality, and vineyard uniformity. The …

Plant nitrogen concentration (PNC) is a traditional standard index to measure the nitrogen
nutritional status of winter wheat. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of PNC performs an …

Canopy chlorophyll content (CCC) is closely related to crop nitrogen status, crop growth and
productivity, detection of diseases and pests, and final yield. Thus, accurate monitoring of …

Leaf nitrogen (N) directly correlates to chlorophyll production, affecting crop growth and
yield. Farmers use soil plant analysis development (SPAD) devices to calculate the amount …

Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) plays an essential role in food security and environmental
sustainability. With the development of technology, NUE prediction by models has come …