Poor adaptation to stress, alterations in cerebrovascular function and excessive brain
inflammation play critical roles in the pathophysiology of many psychiatric and neurological …

I. Introduction A ngiotensin (ANG II) was discovered about 50 yr ago (1, 2), and a complete
peripheral system for the formation and metabolism of ANG II was soon characterized. It was …

2.1. 1. Oxytocin-secreting cells 2.1. 2. Vasopressin-secreting cells 2.1. 3. Firing patterns and
hormone release 2.2. Intrinsic properties 2.2. 1. Action potentials 2.2. 2. Hyperpolarizing …

Most forms of hypertension are associated with a wide variety of functional changes in the
hypothalamus. Alterations in the following substances are discussed: catecholamines …

1. Introduction direct injection of Ang II into the rat brain produced drinking behavior [9] and
indirect measurements showing Exactly one hundred years ago Tiegerstedt and Bergman …

The atria secrete atrial peptides (atriopeptins) that are capable of producing dramatic
alterations in a number of body processes. Secretion of atriopeptin appears to be regulated …

Four major natriuretic peptides have been isolated: atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain
natriuretic peptide (BNP), C‐type natriuretic peptide (CNP), and Dendroaspis‐type …

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are among the main causes of death globally and in this
context hypertension represents one of the key risk factors for develo** a CVD. It is well …

Considerable physiological and anatomical evidence indicates that circulating angiotensin II
(AngII), plays important roles in the long‐term regulation of autonomic output as a result of …

Since the first anatomical description of the circumventricular organs (CVOs) as a structurally
distinct group of regions in the central nervous system (CNS), considerable information has …