The seabed plays a key role in the marine carbon cycle as a) the terminal location of aerobic
oxidation of organic matter, b) the greatest anaerobic bioreactor, and c) the greatest …

Direct observations indicate that the global ocean oxygen inventory is decreasing. Climate
models consistently confirm this decline and predict continuing and accelerating ocean …

Nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) catalyze the second step of nitrification, nitrite oxidation to
nitrate, which is an important process of the biogeochemical nitrogen cycle. NOB were …

Biotic and abiotic surfaces in marine waters are rapidly colonized by microorganisms.
Surface colonization and subsequent biofilm formation and development provide numerous …

Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for all life on Earth and it acts as a major control on
biological productivity in the modern ocean. Accurate reconstructions of the evolution of life …

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is a microbial process in which NH4+ is
oxidized to N2 gas with NO2− as an electron acceptor. The anammox process is mediated …

Phytoplankton form the basis of the marine food web and are responsible for approximately
half of global carbon dioxide (CO2) fixation (∼ 50 Pg of carbon per year). Thus, these …

Nitrogen (N) is a key element for life in the oceans. It controls primary productivity in many
parts of the global ocean, consequently playing a crucial role in the uptake of atmospheric …

A third or more of the fixed nitrogen lost from the oceans as N2 is removed by anaerobic
microbial processes in open ocean oxygen minimum zones. These zones have expanded …

A major percentage of fixed nitrogen (N) loss in the oceans occurs within nitrite-rich oxygen
minimum zones (OMZs) via denitrification and anammox. It remains unclear to what extent …