The coordinating role of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in cellular function
is undeniable. Evidence indicates that this transcription factor exerts massive regulatory …

Nrf2 [nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)] regulates the expression of a plethora
of genes involved in the response to oxidative stress due to inflammation, aging, and tissue …

The oxidative burst generated by the host immune system can restrict intracellular parasite
entry and growth. While this burst leads to the induction of antioxidative enzymes, the …

Background In the Mediterranean basin, three Leishmania species have been identified: L.
infantum, L. major and L. tropica, causing zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (VL), zoonotic …

Among the gastrointestinal nematodes affecting sheep, Haemonchus contortus is the most
prevalent and virulent, resulting in health problems and production losses. Therefore …

Macrophage–Leishmania interactions are central to parasite growth and disease outcome.
Macrophages have developed various strategies to fight invaders, including oxidative burst …

Leishmaniases are infectious-parasitic diseases that impact public health around the world.
Antileishmanial drugs presented toxicity and increase in parasitic resistance. Studies with …

Treatment of leishmaniasis is a challenging subject. Although available, chemotherapy is
limited, presenting toxicity and adverse effects. New drugs with antileishmanial activity are …

We showed previously that antioxidant enzyme heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) is critical for
Leishmania survival in visceral leishmaniasis. HO-1 inhibits host oxidative burst and …

Leishmania donovani infection of macrophages drives profound changes in the metabolism
of both the host macrophage and the parasite, which undergoes different phases of …