Abstract The European Union Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has failed to achieve its
aim of preserving European farmland biodiversity, despite massive investment in subsidies …

Payments for ecosystem services (PES) received a lot of academic attention in the past
years. However, the concept remains loose and many different conservation approaches are …

European agri-environmental policy has diverse and competing objectives. The Common
Agricultural Policy has been the main policy framework guiding the European Union (EU) …

Increasing interest is being shown in result-oriented agri-environmental schemes. Such
schemes have the advantage of encouraging farmers to innovate to produce environmental …

CONTEXT Many agricultural policies target the conservation of biodiversity worldwide.
Result-based agri-environmental schemes can be more effective and efficient than the more …

With the increase in climate change and increasing social concerns about environmental
deterioration, sustainability has become a hot topic in both natural and social research …

Increased use of annual payments to land managers for ecological outcomes indicates a
growing interest in exploring the potential of this approach. In this viewpoint, we drew on the …

Agri-environmental measures (AEM) are incentive-based instruments in the European
Union (EU) that provide payments to farmers for voluntary environmental commitments …

Until now the main instrument to counteract the loss of biodiversity and landscape quality in
the European countryside has been agri‐environment schemes (AES), which offer short …

Results-based agri-environmental schemes (AES) seek to overcome reluctance to adopt
other forms of AES in the European Union. Instead of complying with inflexible land …