Abstract The East Antarctic Ice Sheet contains the vast majority of Earth's glacier ice (about
52 metres sea-level equivalent), but is often viewed as less vulnerable to global warming …

Over the modern satellite era, substantial climatic changes have been observed in the
Antarctic, including atmospheric and oceanic warming, ice sheet thinning and a general …

The abyssal ocean circulation is a key component of the global meridional overturning
circulation, cycling heat, carbon, oxygen and nutrients throughout the world ocean,. The …

Ocean-driven melting of floating ice-shelves in the Amundsen Sea is currently the main
process controlling Antarctica's contribution to sea-level rise. Using a regional ocean model …

Abstract The Paris Agreement aims to limit global mean warming in the twenty-first century to
less than 2 degrees Celsius above preindustrial levels, and to promote further efforts to limit …

New sea-level rise projections for Sweden are presented. Compared to earlier projections,
we have here, more carefully, taken regional variations in sea-level rise into consideration …

This chapter assesses the state of physical, biological and social knowledge concerning the
Arctic and Antarctic ocean and cryosphere, how they are affected by climate change, and …

Quantifying changes in Earth's ice sheets and identifying the climate drivers are central to
improving sea level projections. We provide unified estimates of grounded and floating ice …

Ice losses from the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets have accelerated since the 1990s,
accounting for a significant increase in global mean sea level. Here, we present a new 29 …

Ocean-driven basal melting of Antarctica's floating ice shelves accounts for about half of
their mass loss in steady state, where gains in ice-shelf mass are balanced by losses. Ice …