Multilevel societies (MLSs), stable nuclear social units within a larger collective
encompassing multiple nested social levels, occur in several mammalian lineages. Their …

Since group-living animals are embedded in a network of social interactions,
socioecological factors may not only affect individual behavioral strategies but also the …

In social-living animals, interactions between groups are frequently agonistic, but they can
also be tolerant and even cooperative. Intergroup tolerance and cooperation are regarded …

Multilevel societies (MLSs), where social levels are hierarchically nested within each other,
are considered one of the most complex forms of animal societies. Although thought to …

Interindividual variation in prey specialization is an essential yet overlooked aspect of
wildlife feeding ecology, especially as it relates to intrapopulation variation in exposure to …

Social structure is a fundamental aspect of animal populations. In order to understand the
function and evolution of animal societies, it is important to quantify how individual attributes …

Acoustic sequences have been described in a range of species and in varying complexity.
Cetaceans are known to produce complex song displays but these are generally limited to …

Killer whales (Orcinus orca) have been documented preying on either fish or marine
mammals in several regions, suggesting that this odontocete species has the ability to …

The killer whale—the largest of the dolphins and the top marine predator––has a
cosmopolitan distribution throughout the world's oceans. Although globally it could be …

From a cognitive point of view, management and knowledge of social relationships is
thought to be very challenging. Because of ecological and demographic constraints …