People take addictive drugs to elevate mood, but with repeated use these drugs produce
serious unwanted effects, which can include tolerance to some drug effects, sensitization to …

Joshua D. Berke* § and Steven E. Hyman*†‡* Section on Molecular Plasticity National
Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke locomotor activity. Psychostimulants also tend …

Dopamine (DA) is the most abundant catecholamine in the brain. The involvement and
importance of DA as a neurotransmitter in the regulation of different physiological functions …

The pattern and time course of brain activation in response to acute swim and restraint
stress were examined in the rat by in situ hybridization using complementary RNA probes …

Repeated exposure to psychostimulants such as cocaine and amphetamine produces
behavioral sensitization, which is characterized by an augmented locomotor response to a …

The EGR family of transcription regulatory factors, which is implicated in orchestrating the
changes in gene expression that underlie neuronal plasticity, has attracted the attention of …

Most in vitro studies of D1 dopaminergic modulation of excitability in neostriatal medium
spiny neurons have revealed inhibitory effects. Yet studies made in more intact preparations …

Zif268 is a transcription regulatory protein, the product of an immediate early gene. Zif268
was originally described as inducible in cell cultures; however, it was later shown to be …

Classical studies have demonstrated a role for protein synthesis in long-term memory. The
focus of our research is to identify the proteins that are essential for memory and to discover …

The Egr proteins, Egr-1, Egr-2, Egr-3 and Egr-4, are closely related members of a subclass
of immediate early gene-encoded, inducible transcription factors. They share a highly …