This article presents an overview of the current understanding of the structure of turbulent
sprays flames, both dilute and dense. Dilute sprays are addressed first with respect to recent …

A promising pathway to defossilize the operation of spark-ignition engines is to use
methanol as a fuel. This clean alternative liquid energy carrier offers major efficiency and …

The flash boiling sprays in a single-cylinder optical gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine
were studied using phase Doppler particle analyzer (PDPA) and high-speed photography …

In this study, the spray characteristics of a five-hole gasoline direct injector were investigated
in a constant volume vessel. The absolute ambient pressure ranged from 0.5 to 10.0 bar …

Ethanol direct injection plus gasoline port injection (EDI+ GPI) represents a more efficient
and flexible way to utilize ethanol fuel in spark ignition engines. To exploit the potentials of …

There is limited literature available regarding the spray collapse process and the
characteristics of flash boiling spray near the critical location of the nozzle exit, even though …

As a hydrogen-based fuel that can be used immediately after generation without storage,
brown gas (HHO) has important research significance and practical development prospect …

In this study, fuel sprays of a 1-hole injector and a 6-hole injector were investigated under a
wide range of subcooled and flash-boiling conditions using high-speed imaging in a …

The present study is geared towards the investigation of the impact of fuel temperature,
ambient pressure, and fuel properties on the spray characteristics of a 6-hole gasoline direct …

Spray collapse has been widely observed under both flash-boiling and non-flash-boiling
conditions when multi-hole gasoline direct injection (GDI) injectors with compact nozzle …