All living things depend on their natural environment, either directly or indirectly, for their
high quality of life, growth, nutrition, and development. Due to the fast emissions of …

As the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO 2) in the atmosphere continues to rise, and the
reality of global warming challenges hits the world, global research societies are develo** …

Caption: Table A. 11. 2. Synthesis table summarising assessments presented in Tables 11.4-
11.21 for hot extremes (HOT EXT.), heavy precipitation (HEAVY PRECIP.), agriculture and …

This chapter assesses simulations of future global climate change, spanning time horizons
from the near term (2021–2040), mid-term (2041–2060), and long term (2081–2100) out to …

Accurate land use land cover (LULC) classification is vital for the sustainable management
of natural resources and to learn how the landscape is changing due to climate. For …

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, machine learning is gradually becoming
popular for predictions in all walks of life. In meteorology, it is gradually competing with …

Since the industrial revolution, the greenhouse effect has become more and more serious,
causing great impacts on human beings and society. Many countries have formulated …

We describe the baseline coupled model configuration and simulation characteristics of
GFDL's Earth System Model Version 4.1 (ESM4. 1), which builds on component and coupled …

The storage of excess electrical generation, enabled through the electrolytic production of
hydrogen from water, would allow “load-shifting” of power generation. This paves the way for …

Equilibrium climate sensitivity, the global surface temperature response to CO doubling, has
been persistently uncertain. Recent consensus places it likely within 1.5–4.5 K. Global …