The vaginal microbiome is a dynamic, sensitive microenvironment. The hallmark of a
'healthy'vaginal microbiome is currently believed to be one dominated by Lactobacillus spp …

Thirty years since the discovery of HIV, the HIV pandemic in sub-Saharan Africa accounts for
more than two thirds of the world's HIV infections. Southern Africa remains the region most …

Background Identifying modifiable factors that increase women's vulnerability to HIV is a
critical step in develo** effective female-initiated prevention interventions. The primary …

Although the balance of recent evidence supports the efficacy of antiretroviral (ARV)-based
pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) against HIV-1 infection, recent negative trial results are …

Bacterial vaginosis, characterized by the replacement of the Lactobacillus-dominant
microbiota with anaerobic bacteria and facultative Gram-negative rods, has been associated …

Background The vaginal microbiome influences quality of life and health. The composition of
vaginal microbiota can be affected by various health behaviors, such as vaginal douching …

Abstract Background Women in sub-Saharan Africa are vulnerable to acquiring HIV infection
and reproductive tract infections. Bacterial vaginosis (BV), a disruption of the vaginal …

Background Clinical development of vaginally applied products aimed at reducing the
transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections, has highlighted the need for a …

Background Female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) is a neglected manifestation of urogenital
schistosomiasis caused by S. haematobium. The disease presents with symptoms such as …

There is some evidence that the risk of HIV infection per heterosexual act is higher in low-
income countries than in high-income countries. We hypothesize that variations in per sex …