Ocular drug delivery has constantly challenged ophthalmologists and drug delivery
scientists due to various anatomical and physiological barriers. Static and dynamic ocular …

In the drug delivery system, the transdermal drug delivery system has the advantages of
painless administration, avoiding the first-pass metabolism, sustained therapeutic effect, and …

Cyclosporine is an immunomodulatory drug commonly used for the treatment of mild-to-
severe dry eye syndrome as well as intermediate and posterior segment diseases as uveitis …

Ionic liquids (ILs) are innovative ionic solvents with unique properties of negligible vapor
pressure, favorable conductivity, high thermal and chemical stability as well as self …

Highlights•pH is vital for the normal functioning of the body.•Drug targeting has been widely
used to increase efficacy and reduce adverse effects.•pH variation in different tissues and …

Surface-active ionic liquids (SAILs) are receiving growing interest as environmentally
friendly designer surfactants for various applications, including drug formulation and …

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is one of the most common cancers involving
skin and oral mucosa. Although this condition's gold-standard treatment is the surgical …

The combination of light-activated therapy and immunotherapy is attracting considerable
attention in tumour therapy. However, increasing the safety, quality, and durability of light …

The unique properties of ionic liquids (ILs), such as structural tunability, good solubility,
chemical/thermal stability, favorable biocompatibility, and simplicity of preparation, have led …

Background Numerous challenges are faced during formulation and biopharmaceutics of
newly developed drug molecules due to polymorphic conversion, poor bioavailability …