The genetic code has been proposed to be a 'frozen accident,'but the discovery of
alternative genetic codes over the past four decades has shown that it can evolve to some …

All eight extant species of Rhabdopleura described between 1869 and 2018 are
provisionally accepted as valid based on a review of the literature and new data on two little …

Notwithstanding the initial claims of general conservation, mitochondrial genomes are a
largely heterogeneous set of organellar chromosomes which displays a bewildering …

Bifunctional stop codons that have both translation and termination functions in the same
species are important for understanding the evolution and function of genetic codes in living …

In contrast to bilaterian animals, non‐bilaterian mitochondrial genomes contain atypical
genes, often attributed to horizontal gene transfer (HGT) as an ad hoc explanation. Although …

Pterobranchs, a major group of the phylum Hemichordata, first appear in the fossil record
during the Cambrian, 1 and there are more than 600 fossil genera dominated by the mainly …

Five species of deep-sea acorn worms (Enteropneusta) were found in the Bering Sea during
cruises of the RV Akademik MA Lavrentyev in 2016, 2018, and 2021. The worms were …

Specimens of a new species of torquaratorid acorn worm (Hemichordata, Enteropneusta)
were video recorded and subsequently collected at abyssal depths in the eastern North …

Several functional classes of short noncoding RNAs are involved in manifold regulatory
processes in eukaryotes, including, among the best characterized, miRNAs. One of the most …

Mitochondrial genomes are frequently applied in phylogenetic and evolutionary studies
across metazoans, yet they are still poorly represented in many groups of invertebrates …