Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) is a member of the mitogen-activated protein
kinase family of signaling molecules. ERK is predominantly found in two forms, ERK1 (p44) …

FGFR (fibroblast growth factor receptor) signaling controls fundamental processes in
embryonic, fetal and adult human life. The magnitude, duration, and location of FGFR …

The niche is a conserved regulator of stem cell quiescence and function. During ageing,
stem cell function declines. To what extent and by what means age-related changes within …

Neuromuscular junction degeneration is a prominent aspect of sarcopenia, the age-
associated loss of skeletal muscle integrity. Previously, we showed that muscle stem cells …

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is characterized by atherosclerotic plaque formation in the
arterial wall. CAD progression involves complex interactions and phenotypic plasticity …

The materials pipeline for biomaterials and tissue engineering applications is under
continuous development. Specifically, there is great interest in the use of designed materials …

Recent studies indicate that nephron progenitor cells of the embryonic kidney are arranged
in a series of compartments of an increasing state of differentiation. The earliest progenitor …

The molecular events leading to the development of the bat wing remain largely unknown,
and are thought to be caused, in part, by changes in gene expression during limb …

Self-renewal of nephron progenitor cells (NPCs) is governed by BMP, FGF and WNT
signalling. Mechanisms underlying cross-talk between these pathways at the molecular …

Background Changes in the vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) contractile phenotype
occur in pathological states such as restenosis and atherosclerosis. Multiple cytokines …