Tropospheric anthropogenic aerosols contribute the second-largest forcing to climate
change, but with high uncertainty owing to their spatio-temporal variability and complicated …

Abstract Purpose of Review Air pollution significantly affects health, causing up to 7 million
premature deaths annually with an even larger number of hospitalizations and days of sick …

Short-lived climate forcers (SLCFs) affect climate and are, in most cases, also air pollutants.
They include aerosols (sulphate, nitrate, ammonium, carbonaceous aerosols, mineral dust …

We describe the baseline coupled model configuration and simulation characteristics of
GFDL's Earth System Model Version 4.1 (ESM4. 1), which builds on component and coupled …

We present a suite of nine scenarios of future emissions trajectories of anthropogenic
sources, a key deliverable of the ScenarioMIP experiment within CMIP6. Integrated …

Even though desert dust is the most abundant aerosol by mass in Earth's atmosphere, the
relative contributions of the world's major source regions to the global dust cycle remain …

Hydrogen (H2) is expected to play a crucial role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
However, hydrogen losses to the atmosphere impact atmospheric chemistry, including …

Climate models have continued to be developed and improved since the AR4, and many
models have been extended into Earth System models by including the representation of …

Ozone holds a certain fascination in atmospheric science. It is ubiquitous in the atmosphere,
central to tropospheric oxidation chemistry, yet harmful to human and ecosystem health as …

Annex II presents, in tabulated form, data related to historical and projected changes in the
climate system that are assessed in the chapters of this report (see Section 1.6). It also …