Purpose To promote consistency in clinical trials by recommending a uniform framework as
it relates to radiation transport and dose calculation in water versus in medium. Methods The …

Dose calculation plays an important role in the accuracy of radiotherapy treatment planning
and beam delivery. The Monte Carlo (MC) method is capable of achieving the highest …

Linac calibration is done in water, but patients are comprised primarily of soft tissue.
Conceptually, and specified in NRG/RTOG trials, dose should be reported as dose‐to …

Purpose To assess the dosimetric impact of switching from the analytical anisotropic
algorithm (AAA) to Acuros XB (AXB), with dose-to-medium (Dm) and dose-to-water (Dw) …

Head and neck cancers present challenges in radiation treatment planning due to the large
number of critical structures near the target (s) and highly heterogeneous tissue …

Passive dosimetry with radiochromic films is widely used in proton radiotherapy, both in
clinical and scientific environments, thanks to its simplicity, high spatial resolution and dose …

Purpose Convolution/superposition algorithms used in megavoltage (MV) photon
radiotherapy model radiation transport in water, yielding dose to water‐in‐water (Dw, w) …

Purpose Current quality assurance of radiotherapy involving bony regions generally utilises
homogeneous phantoms and dose calculations, ignoring the challenges of heterogeneities …

Introduction The calculation algorithm for intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) built in
the Elekta Monaco treatment planning system (TPS) is based on Monte Carlo (MC) …

Background and purpose Conventional workflows for dose calculations require conversions
between Hounsfield Units (HU) and the mass or electron density for Computed Tomography …