People worldwide are living longer, and it is estimated that by 2050, the proportion of the
world's population over 60 years of age will nearly double. Natural lung aging is associated …

Autophagy is a homeostatic mechanism involved in the disposal of damaged organelles,
denatured proteins as well as invaded pathogens through a lysosomal degradation …

The interaction between the microbial environment and the host is important for immune
homeostasis. Recent research suggests that microbiota dysbiosis can be involved in …

Purpose Persistent chronic inflammation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
is associated with poor outcomes and frequently results in acute exacerbation. Predicting …

Abstract Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a major global health problem.
Among other conditions, it has been associated with chronic airway and lung parenchyma …

Lung cancer heterogeneity plays an important role in the development of drug resistance.
Comprehensive molecular characterizations of lung cancer can describe hereditary and …

Chronic lung disease is the third leading cause of death globally, imposing huge burden of
death, disability and healthcare costs. However, traditional pharmacotherapy has relatively …

A growing body of evidence points towards smoking‐related phenotypic differences in
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). As COPD is associated with systemic …

Since the twentieth century, scientists have studied the functions and mechanisms of the
mitochondria. The mitochondrion plays many important roles in cell functioning and …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been found to be associated with lung
cancer regardless of a patient's smoking history. Of 11,888 incident cases of lung cancer …