For wireless sensor network (WSN) coverage problems, since the sensing range of sensor
nodes is a circular area with symmetry, taking symmetry into account when deploying nodes …

This paper aims to solve the Chinese Postman Problem (CPP) using an Ant Colony
Optimization (ACO) algorithm. In graph theory, the CPP looks for the shortest closed path …

Multimodal optimization problems (MMOPs) have multiple global optima, hence the
algorithm must preserve population diversity to locate multiple global optima and ensure the …

Berth allocation problem (BAP) is to assign berthing spaces for incoming vessels while
considering various constraints and objectives, which is an important optimization problem …

Evolutionary computation algorithms (EC) are a kind of powerful stochastic optimization
approaches inspired by biological phenomena, such as natural selection, genetic …

Genetic Algorithm (GA) as a bio-inspired optimization technique, has shown significant
potential for applications in many fields. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive …