GABAergic inhibition shapes the connectivity, activity and plasticity of the brain. A series of
exciting new discoveries provides compelling evidence that disruptions in a number of key …

Cortical gain regulation allows neurons to respond adaptively to changing inputs. Neural
gain is modulated by internal and external influences, including attentional and arousal …

In the hippocampus GABAergic local circuit inhibitory interneurons represent only~ 10–15%
of the total neuronal population; however, their remarkable anatomical and physiological …

Deep learning has led to significant advances in artificial intelligence, in part, by adopting
strategies motivated by neurophysiology. However, it is unclear whether deep learning …

Cognitive dysfunctions, including impaired attention, learning, memory, planning and
problem solving, occur in depressive episodes, often persist during remission, predict …

Genetically encoded fluorescent voltage indicators are ideally suited to reveal the
millisecond-scale interactions among and between targeted cell populations. However …

Cortical computation arises from the interaction of multiple neuronal types, including
pyramidal (Pyr) cells and interneurons expressing Sst, Vip, or Pvalb. To study the circuit …

Neural dendrites play a critical role in various cognitive functions, including spatial
navigation, sensory processing, adaptive learning, and perception. The spatial layout, signal …

The simultaneous imaging and manipulating of neural activity could enable the functional
dissection of neural circuits. Here we have combined two-photon optogenetics with …

Diverse computations in the neocortex are aided by specialized GABAergic interneurons
(INs), which selectively target other INs. However, much less is known about how these …